Buyer & Seller Resources

NAR Consumer Guides for Buyers and Sellers

Buying or selling a home involves many important decisions. These Consumer Guides from the National Association of REALTORS® provide clear information about real estate representation, agent compensation, financing, inspections, listing agreements, and other topics.

Select a guide below to read, download, or print it. Use the search box or category buttons to quickly find the information you need.

68 guides shown

RepresentationGuide 2 of 68

Written Buyer Agreements

What you’ll find: Understand when a buyer agreement is needed, what services and compensation it describes, and which terms can be negotiated.

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RepresentationGuide 3 of 68

Negotiating Written Buyer Agreements

What you’ll find: Review the services, compensation, duration, property scope, and exit terms you can discuss before signing a buyer agreement.

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SellingGuide 4 of 68

Listing Agreements

What you’ll find: Learn what a listing contract authorizes, the services it may include, common listing arrangements, and how compensation is negotiated.

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BuyingGuide 5 of 68

Buying Your First Home

What you’ll find: Get an overview of choosing an agent, financing, assistance programs, buyer agreements, and the early steps toward homeownership.

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SellingGuide 6 of 68

Preparing to Sell Your Home

What you’ll find: Review repairs, inspections, cleaning, staging, curb appeal, and other practical steps that can help prepare a home for market.

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RepresentationGuide 7 of 68

Ten Questions to Ask a Buyer’s Agent

What you’ll find: Use ten practical questions to compare agents based on experience, services, market knowledge, communication, and compensation.

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RepresentationGuide 8 of 68

Ten Questions to Ask a Seller’s Agent

What you’ll find: Compare listing agents by asking about pricing, marketing, communication, experience, services, compensation, and offer management.

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Property & ProtectionGuide 9 of 68

Home Inspections

What you’ll find: Learn what inspectors typically examine, how inspection contingencies work, and how findings may affect repairs or negotiations.

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Financing & TaxesGuide 10 of 68

Mortgages and Financing

What you’ll find: Explore mortgage basics, loan options, qualification factors, preapproval, borrowing costs, and questions to ask a lender.

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RepresentationGuide 11 of 68

Open Houses and Written Agreements

What you’ll find: Find out when buyers do—and do not—need a written agreement while attending an open house or touring with an agent.

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RepresentationGuide 12 of 68

REALTORS®’ Duty to Put Client Interests Above Their Own

What you’ll find: Understand the ethical duties REALTORS® owe clients, including loyalty, disclosure, confidentiality, and putting client interests first.

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BuyingGuide 13 of 68

What Veterans Need to Know About Buying a Home

What you’ll find: Review homebuying considerations for veterans and active servicemembers, including representation, financing, and VA-related options.

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SellingGuide 14 of 68

Seller Concessions

What you’ll find: Learn how sellers may contribute toward a buyer’s transaction costs and how concessions can be used to help complete a sale.

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Buying & SellingGuide 15 of 68

Multiple Listing Services (MLSs)

What you’ll find: Understand how an MLS helps professionals market listings, find homes, share information, and support a competitive marketplace.

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RepresentationGuide 16 of 68

Fair Housing

What you’ll find: Review buyer, seller, and agent rights and responsibilities for a housing process free from unlawful discrimination.

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Closing & ContractsGuide 17 of 68

Steps Between Signing and Closing

What you’ll find: See what typically happens after a purchase agreement, including escrow, financing, appraisal, title work, insurance, and final closing.

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RepresentationGuide 18 of 68

Agency and Non-Agency Relationships

What you’ll find: Learn the differences among single agency, dual agency, designated agency, transaction brokerage, and other relationships allowed by state law.

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Financing & TaxesGuide 19 of 68

The Appraisal Process

What you’ll find: Understand why lenders order appraisals, how value is evaluated, and what options may exist if the appraisal is lower than expected.

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Property & ProtectionGuide 20 of 68

Homeowners Insurance

What you’ll find: Learn what homeowners insurance commonly covers, what may be excluded, and what to discuss with a licensed insurance professional.

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Property & ProtectionGuide 21 of 68

Flood Insurance

What you’ll find: Understand flood risk, coverage options, waiting periods, lender requirements, and why standard homeowners policies usually exclude flooding.

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Property & ProtectionGuide 22 of 68

Fire Damage and Policy Coverage

What you’ll find: Review how homeowners insurance may cover fire damage, why coverage can vary, and what questions to ask about limits and exclusions.

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SellingGuide 23 of 68

What Goes Into Pricing Your Home

What you’ll find: Learn how comparable sales, property condition, market demand, location, and seller goals can influence an asking price.

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Closing & ContractsGuide 24 of 68

Escrow and Earnest Money

What you’ll find: Understand earnest-money deposits, escrow accounts, deadlines, refund conditions, and precautions for keeping funds secure.

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BuyingGuide 25 of 68

Preparing for Homeownership

What you’ll find: Consider budget, location, property needs, credit, savings, financing, and the professionals who can help you prepare to buy.

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Financing & TaxesGuide 26 of 68

Property Taxes

What you’ll find: Learn how property taxes are assessed, when they may change, how they affect monthly costs, and where to find local information.

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SellingGuide 27 of 68

Seller Disclosures

What you’ll find: Understand why sellers disclose known property conditions, what may need to be reported, and why requirements differ by location.

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SellingGuide 28 of 68

Marketing Your Home

What you’ll find: Explore photography, online exposure, showings, open houses, pricing, staging, and other ways an agent may market a property.

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Property & ProtectionGuide 29 of 68

Homeowners Associations

What you’ll find: Learn about HOA fees, rules, reserves, documents, assessments, amenities, and questions to ask before buying in a community.

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SellingGuide 30 of 68

Navigating Multiple Offers

What you’ll find: Compare more than price by reviewing financing, contingencies, timelines, concessions, and the likelihood that each offer will close.

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SellingGuide 31 of 68

Alternative Listing Options

What you’ll find: Review seller marketing choices, including office-exclusive, delayed-marketing, limited-service, and other listing approaches.

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Closing & ContractsGuide 32 of 68

Deeds and Titles

What you’ll find: Learn how ownership is transferred, the difference between a deed and title, and why title searches and insurance may matter.

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BuyingGuide 33 of 68

Buying Land and Building a New Home

What you’ll find: Explore land, zoning, utilities, builders, construction financing, timelines, inspections, and contracts for a new-build project.

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Fraud & SafetyGuide 34 of 68

Protecting Yourself From Title Fraud

What you’ll find: Learn how title fraud happens, warning signs to watch for, and steps that may help protect your ownership rights.

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BuyingGuide 35 of 68

Overcoming Barriers to Homeownership

What you’ll find: Explore ways to address down payments, credit, debt, affordability, limited inventory, and other obstacles to buying a home.

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Financing & TaxesGuide 36 of 68

Mortgage Interest Tax Deduction

What you’ll find: Understand the basics of deducting eligible mortgage interest and why a tax professional should review your specific situation.

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Financing & TaxesGuide 37 of 68

Your Home and Estate Planning

What you’ll find: Learn how wills, trusts, beneficiaries, ownership structure, taxes, and professional advice can affect what happens to a home later.

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Buying & SellingGuide 38 of 68

Buyer’s vs. Seller’s Market

What you’ll find: Recognize common signs of each market type and how inventory, competition, pricing, and negotiating leverage may change.

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Financing & TaxesGuide 39 of 68

Assistance Programs

What you’ll find: Explore down-payment, closing-cost, mortgage-relief, renovation, and other programs that may help eligible homeowners or buyers.

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BuyingGuide 40 of 68

Real Estate Auctions

What you’ll find: Learn about auction formats, deposits, financing, inspections, title research, bidding rules, and risks before participating.

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Closing & ContractsGuide 41 of 68

Working With a Real Estate Attorney

What you’ll find: Understand how an attorney may help review contracts, resolve title issues, explain legal obligations, and support closing.

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HomeownershipGuide 42 of 68

Making Your Home More Energy Efficient

What you’ll find: Explore energy assessments, insulation, appliances, windows, HVAC improvements, incentives, and ways to reduce utility costs.

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BuyingGuide 43 of 68

Buying a Historic Property

What you’ll find: Review preservation rules, inspections, insurance, renovation limits, maintenance, financing, and tax incentives for historic homes.

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Financing & TaxesGuide 44 of 68

State and Local Tax (SALT) Deductions

What you’ll find: Learn the basics of deducting eligible state and local taxes and why current limits and rules require professional tax advice.

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Moving & OwnershipGuide 45 of 68

10 Tips for Packing Smartly for a Move

What you’ll find: Use a practical packing plan covering supplies, labeling, decluttering, important documents, essentials, and room-by-room organization.

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Financing & TaxesGuide 46 of 68

What Is the VA Home Loan Guaranty?

What you’ll find: Learn who may qualify, how the VA guaranty supports eligible borrowers, and what to know about lenders, fees, and property standards.

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Financing & TaxesGuide 47 of 68

Do You Need Private Mortgage Insurance?

What you’ll find: Understand when PMI may be required, how it affects monthly payments, and when borrowers may be able to remove it.

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Fraud & SafetyGuide 48 of 68

Home Selling Tips for Privacy and Safety

What you’ll find: Protect personal information, valuables, medications, access codes, and household security while preparing for showings and a sale.

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Fraud & SafetyGuide 49 of 68

How to Protect Against Real Estate Wire Fraud

What you’ll find: Recognize fraudulent wiring instructions and learn verification steps to help protect deposits, down payments, and closing funds.

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Property & ProtectionGuide 50 of 68

Understanding Condo Ownership

What you’ll find: Review association fees, shared responsibilities, governing documents, reserves, assessments, financing, and lifestyle considerations.

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Closing & ContractsGuide 51 of 68

Real Estate Sales Contract Contingencies

What you’ll find: Learn how financing, appraisal, inspection, title, insurance, and home-sale contingencies can protect buyers and sellers.

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HomeownershipGuide 52 of 68

Hiring a Remodeling Contractor

What you’ll find: Use licensing, insurance, references, bids, permits, contracts, payment schedules, and change orders to evaluate contractors.

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SellingGuide 53 of 68

8 Tips for Selling Your Home in Winter

What you’ll find: Use seasonal lighting, maintenance, photography, curb appeal, comfort, and flexible scheduling to market a winter listing.

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Financing & TaxesGuide 54 of 68

Can’t Pay Your Mortgage? You Have Options

What you’ll find: Review forbearance, deferment, loan modification, refinancing, selling, short sales, and other possible responses to financial hardship.

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HomeownershipGuide 55 of 68

How to Make Your Home More Energy Efficient

What you’ll find: Find practical, lower-cost actions homeowners can take to reduce energy use and improve comfort and efficiency.

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SellingGuide 56 of 68

Thinking of Selling? 7 Factors to Consider

What you’ll find: Use seven questions about space, lifestyle, finances, equity, rates, maintenance, and market conditions to evaluate whether to sell.

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InvestingGuide 57 of 68

Are You Ready to Invest in Real Estate?

What you’ll find: Assess income stability, credit, market conditions, risk, available time, cash flow, and long-term goals before investing.

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SellingGuide 58 of 68

15 Things to Do Before Every Showing

What you’ll find: Follow a room-by-room checklist for cleaning, lighting, temperature, pets, valuables, odors, and last-minute presentation.

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Fraud & SafetyGuide 59 of 68

Spotting Deepfake Scams in Real Estate

What you’ll find: Learn how AI-generated audio, video, and images may be used in scams and how to verify identities, documents, and payment instructions.

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SellingGuide 60 of 68

Staging Your House for a Sale

What you’ll find: Learn how decluttering, depersonalizing, furniture placement, lighting, repairs, and curb appeal can help buyers picture the home.

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Financing & TaxesGuide 61 of 68

Financing a Renovation When You Buy

What you’ll find: Explore mortgage products that may combine a home purchase with renovation costs, plus estimates, appraisals, contractors, and timelines.

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Financing & TaxesGuide 62 of 68

Navigating Mortgage Interest Rate Shifts

What you’ll find: Understand how changing rates affect buying power and review options such as points, buydowns, loan types, and refinancing later.

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Property & ProtectionGuide 63 of 68

How Solar Impacts a Real Estate Transaction

What you’ll find: Review owned versus leased systems, contracts, liens, transfers, savings claims, roof condition, inspections, and financing considerations.

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Closing & ContractsGuide 64 of 68

Overcoming Roadblocks to a Sale or Purchase

What you’ll find: Prepare for financing, appraisal, inspection, title, insurance, contingency, communication, and timing problems that can delay closing.

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Moving & OwnershipGuide 65 of 68

10 Tips for Unpacking Smartly After a Move

What you’ll find: Use a practical sequence for essentials, utilities, safety, room setup, boxes, organization, and settling into a new home.

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BuyingGuide 66 of 68

Needs vs. Wants in a Home Purchase

What you’ll find: Use a priority checklist to separate deal-breakers, baseline needs, and nice-to-have features while comparing homes.

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Moving & OwnershipGuide 67 of 68

Seller Handoff Checklist

What you’ll find: Organize keys, codes, manuals, warranties, maintenance records, utilities, service contacts, and helpful home details for the buyer.

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Property & ProtectionGuide 68 of 68

Condominium Insurance

What you’ll find: Understand how an association master policy and an individual condo policy work together and where coverage gaps may occur.

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Have questions about buying or selling Florida real estate?

I would be happy to help you understand the process and prepare for your next real estate transaction.

Barbara Schmal, PA
Broker Associate | Future Home Realty
727-480-1107
bschmal1952@gmail.com

Contact Barbara

Consumer Guides are provided by the National Association of REALTORS®. Barbara Schmal, PA, and Future Home Realty are not the authors of these publications. Information is provided for general educational purposes and is not legal, financial, insurance, or tax advice. Please visit NAR’s Consumer Guide Series for current information.